Urban Resilience and Security Today. Difficulties of the Multi-Domains and Factor-Based Approach between Theory and Practice

Abstract Urban resilience is a critical issue for cities around the world facing range of challenges such as natural disasters, climate change, and socio-economic crises. The multi-dimensional nature urban suggests that it dependent on variety factors, including physical infrastructure, social networks, economic systems, governance structures. This paper examines dependencies different elements in comparative study five cities. A comprehensive review existing literature identifies key dimensions resilience, Factors contribute to quality capital, diversity, environmental quality, effective structures, are also discussed. mixed-methods approach was used study, empirical research. Five were selected examination: Tokyo, New York City, Rio de Janeiro, Mumbai, Lagos. data presented each cities, followed by discussion interplay between how they resilience.